Personality characteristics
Crutchfield: Conformers= low self esteem and less intelligent.
Locus of control
- sense of control over successes, failures and events in people's lives.
- Those with strong LOC believe they can influence events in their lives.
- External LOC believe outside factors (luck/fate) influence what happens in lives.
Williams and Warchal (1981)
- 30 university students given conformity tasks based on Asch.
- Assesses for LOC.
Result: those conformed were less assertive but didn't score differently on LOC scale.
Developing independent behaviour
Nemeth and Chiles (1988)
Aim: To see if p's influenced to be independent using similar method to Moscovici.
Procedure: 48 male volunteers.
- First part: groups of 5 (one C) judge slide colours using consistent and unconsistent C's.
- Second part: Colour perception task using red slides. (4/5 confederates called them orange.)
Results: Those who exposed to minority in first part more likely to be independent in second.
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